notes (timeline) europe in the mid19th century

1815- congress of Vienna

1820- Greek of independence

            not all of the fighters were greek

            Lord Byrin J writer

1830- July revolution of 1830

                        CharlesX J wanted to be an absolute monarch again.

                                    CharlesX goes into exile

                                    Louis PhilippeJ

            Belgium war of independence

                        Belgium and Canada

                                    Have 2 official languages

                                                *Separatist movement

                                                            Peaceful/non-peaceful (terrorist?)

1837- queen victoriaJ begins reign in great Britain.

Europe in the 90th century NOTES!:)

Marxism   

         Karl marx J

         Class conflict betweem: conflict between social classes

Bourgeoisie	Proletariat
Owners	Workers

         *Censorship: to restrict something

War concepts

         Infantry: people in a war

Cavalry: horses

Artillery: weapons  

Friendly fire: killed by your own people

Guerrilla warfare: ordinary people fighting (jungle, mountain)

Freedom fighters: revolutionaries

Terrorist? Depending, difficult! Not easy to say

Try to scare people by killing people (terrorism!)

They want to get attention

         Fronts: line where the two parties meet.

Supply lines: food, guns, medicine, cloth, water, etc

Annexation: no war “ this part is ours now. Any problem?”

Irredentism: when you want to recapture a piece of territory that was your but it is not yours anymore.

Guns:

         Muzzle-loading (from front)

         Breech-loading (from back)

         Bayonets

         Machine guns

Paratroopers: soldier trained to jump from a plain.

Elan and esorit de corps: fighting from spirit. Keep fighting even if they don’t have anything left.

Reconnaissance: when you recognize where you are. (map)

(to reconnoiter)

Laws of war: last 200 years, rules for fighting war

         War convention

                  War crimes

                  Chemical and biological warfare (world war I)

                  POWs: prisoners of war

                  MIAs: missing in action (they don’t know what happens)

                  AWOL: action without lead (crime)

                  Traitor: treason

                  

Enclave and Exclave

Enclave and exclave are words practically to express territory problems. Exclave, according the Revers Dictionary, is a part of a country entirely surrounded by foreign territory. Different from exclave, an enclave is a country that has a peace of other country inside its territory.

A perfect example of this territory problem is Brandenburg.

Germany was divided into four parts after World War II, one for each of the victorious powers. Berlin did the same. In the early 50 occupied by the Western Allies (France, UK and USA) became part of the Federal Republic of Germany, and the Soviet side in the Democratic Germany. Berlin was also divided into four, and the Soviet side joined the FRA. West Berlin was, therefore, as an island within the FRA. An enclave. But the city, at the same time, had several small enclaves within Brandenburg who were in the British and American occupation. Enclaves of an enclave!!!

Mirror Neurons

Does this has an impact on history? Empathy has always been a big thing on humanity. but is this the answer for world peace? if neurons connect from person to person this means that if a lot of people are feeling happy and the brain of those people connect with other individuals they are going to feel happy. so we're going to have more happy neurons connecting with more and more people. does this happens on wars? does this happens on treatments? on negotiations? on treaties? is there really a connection between neurons, peace and war?

Negotiation and nationalism notes

NEGOTIATION

concepts! 

Hard Power

They had guns and military force

They had money and economic strength

Soft power

Culture: like U.S with Hollywood! The government can’t put culture. He can only support it.

         Admiration:

Good will: good feeling “we like you, we want you to like us back”

Quid pro guo: This for that. Money for job. Money for learning.

Credentials: credentials are papers. “This guy knows how to do what he say he knows how to do”

NATIONALISM

Geography and land borders.

         Borders disputers

         Enclave exclave

         Off shore islands: island off the cost of countries.

         Territorial water (22km)

Exclusive economic zone (370km) you kind of control economic profits of that area  

         International water (“high seas”)

         Annexation: no war “ this part is ours now. Any problem?”